D-day Essay - 3345 Words

D-Day, June 6 1944. Air-Power: Significant or not? A private who was aboard one of the first few gliders to reach Normandy expresses his feeling: quot;I experienced an interesting psychological change in the few minutes before and immediately after take off. As I had climbed aboard and strapped myself into my seat I felt tense, strange and extremely nervous. It was as if I was in a fantasy dream world and thought that at any moment I would wake up from this unreality and find that I was back in the barrack room at Bulford Camp. Whilst we laughed and sang to raise our spirits - and perhaps to show others that we were no scared - personally I knew that I was frightened to death. The very idea of carrying out a night-time airborne landing†¦show more content†¦They just looked in the hole and walked away...amp;quot; Background of D-Day: The Second World War had started almost five years ear, on September 1, 1939, when Germany invaded Poland. England and France had promised to de fend Poland. But they were unprepared to fight, and as a result they were terribly beaten. by the next spring, France had fallen into German hands. The British army had to flee the Continent and escaped from the French port of Dunkirk with frightful losses. In the summer of 1940 the Germans, with their allies, the Italians, controlled all of western Europe. The German air force began its attempt to bomb the British Isles into rubble. Nevertheless, the British began to think about getting back onto the continent. They started planning an attack across the Channel- even though it seemed more likely that they would become the invaded rather than the invaders. Hitler threatened to invade England. He went so far as to assemble a fleet of barges along the French coast, planning to use them as assault boats. But he hesitated because he realized the risks of an amphibious attack. Also, he knew that the British navy would destroy itself, if necessary in an attempt to smash a German invasion fleet. Still the idea was tempting. The British knew as well as Hitler did that if the Germans could make the landing successfully, England would be lost. Meanwhile, Royal Air Force fighter pilots in their spitfires andShow MoreRelatedEssay on D-Day3308 Words   |  14 Pagesmilitary dominance for years to come in Europe unless the Allies intervened with the commitment of a large American army. Since 1942, Soviet leader Joseph Stalin had been pressing British Prime Minister Winston Churchill and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, to mount a â€Å"second front† in the west. America’s army was still forming, while landing craft necessary to bring such an army across the English Channel had not yet been developed. Britain had, nevertheless, begun to prepare plans for a returnRead MoreD Day And The Effect On Bedford1260 Words   |  6 PagesKaitlyn Overstreet Mrs. Trahan English II 28 October 2015 D-Day and the Effect on Bedford, Virginia How can a small county have such a significant loss, and still recover immediately after and in the future? D-Day took a big toll on the population of Bedford, Virginia on June 6, 1944. The events of D-Day still influence this small community today. Germany invaded northwestern France in 1940; however, the Americans entered the war in December 1942 and formed an alliance with Britain. Adolf HitlerRead MoreD Day : A Day That We Freed France1245 Words   |  5 PagesD-Day By: Ellie Renee Duncan Most people think D-Day is a day that we freed France. This is true , however,  there is much more to it. Many soldiers deceased, and  people lost loved ones. 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The reason the author wrote this book was to show exactly what happened at D-Day. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;TheRead MoreIke: Countdown to D-Day2136 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract In the 2004 movie, Ike: Countdown to D-Day, a profile of the leadership style of General Dwight D. Eisenhower is presented as planning and preparation for the single greatest invasion in the history of the world is engaged. This paper examines the leadership style and qualities of the Supreme Allied Commander as presented in the movie and in other literary references. Management in the Cinema – Activity 2 Paper Introduction Dwight D. Eisenhower was appointed to be the Supreme Allied CommanderRead MoreD-Day The Invasion Of Normandy Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pagesby the Allied Powers winning this battle lead to the liberation of France and Western Europe. Most importantly Hitler was being attacked from both the eastern and western front, and caused him to lose power. If the Allied Powers did not succeed On D-Day, Hitler would’ve taken over all of Europe. In a document written by General Dwight Eisenhower he persuades the allied powers to invade Normandy. Dwight Eisenhower was born on October 14, 1890. Eisenhower became the 34th president of the United StatesRead MoreD Day During World War II1556 Words   |  7 PagesD-Day During World War II, the Nazis wreaked havoc across the European countries, particularly France. The Battle of Normandy was the major battle that resulted in the liberation of the French from Nazi control. This engagement lasted from June 1944 to August 1944. The battle was codenamed Operation Overlord, or more commonly known as D-Day which began on June 6th, 1944. A few months before D-Day was carried out, General Dwight Eisenhower was appointed to command the D-Day landings. His plan beforeRead MoreD-Day: a Turning Point in World History1937 Words   |  8 PagesNormandy hoping to overthrow the German forces occupying France. Years of meticulous planning and seemingly endless training had finally come together to form the operation known as D-Day, the invasion of Normandy. Many different operations and brilliant leaders helped to contribute to the victory at Normandy. D-Day was not only a turning point in the War, but it forever changed the course of history. For years, the entire world passively watched Adolf Hitlers rise to power. After the annexingRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of D Day And Ve Day During World War II901 Words   |  4 PagesPOLITICAL TELEVISION ADS 1952 The presidential nominee for the Republican Party was Eisenhower, while for the Democrats, it was Adlai Stevenson. Eisenhower’s ads focused on Eisenhower as the general who lead American troops to victory in D-Day and VE-Day during World War II. Stevenson’s messages focused on civil liberty and equality for all Americans regardless of race, class or any other demographic. An advertisement for Stevenson featuring a female singer singing a song that portrayed StevensonRead MoreEssay about D-Day by Stephen E. Ambrose706 Words   |  3 Pageson the beaches. Furthermore, without the support of the destroyers, specifically on Omaha Beach, the infantry landings on D-Day would have failed and the Allies would have been defeated. D-Day by Stephen E. Ambrose follows the landings on the Calvados coast of Normandy from the pre-planning stages all the way up through the invasion and through about D-Day plus one - one day after the Normandy landings. The first two chapters deal with the combatants in a general fashion before moving on to the

Which States Ratified the ERA and When Did They Ratify

After years of attempts to get it passed, on March 22, 1972, the Senate voted by  84 to eight to send the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) to the states for  ratification.  When the Senate vote took place in the mid-to-late afternoon in Washington D.C., it was still midday in Hawaii.  The Hawaii state Senate and House of Representatives voted their approval shortly after noon Hawaii Standard Time—making Hawaii the first state to ratify the ERA. Hawaii also approved an Equal Rights Amendment to its state constitution that same year. The Equality of Rights Amendment has similar wording to the proposed federal ERA of the 1970s. â€Å"Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex.† Momentum On that first day of ERA ratification in March 1972, many senators, journalists, activists, and other public figures predicted that the amendment would soon be ratified by the necessary three-quarters of the states—38 out of 50.   New Hampshire and Delaware ratified the ERA on March 23.  Iowa and Idaho ratified on March 24. Kansas, Nebraska, and Texas ratified by the end of March. Seven more states ratified in April. Three ratified in May, and two in June.  Then one in September, one in November, one in January, followed by four in February, and two more prior to the anniversary. One year later, 30 states had ratified the ERA, including Washington, which ratified the amendment on March 22, 1973, becoming the 30th Yes on ERA state exactly one year later.  Feminists  were optimistic because the majority of people supported equality and 30 states ratified the ERA in the first year of the  new ERA  ratification struggle. However, the pace slowed. Only five more states ratified between 1973 and the final deadline  in 1982. Falling Short and a Deadline Extension Indianas ERA approval came five years after the proposed amendment was sent to the states for  ratification  in 1972. Indiana became the 35th  state to ratify the amendment on January 18, 1977. Unfortunately, the ERA fell three states short of the necessary 38 states to become adopted as part of the  Constitution. Anti-feminist forces  spread resistance to a Constitutional guarantee of equal rights.  Feminist activists  renewed their efforts and managed to achieve a deadline extension, beyond the initial seven years. In 1978, Congress extended the deadline for ratification from 1979 to 1982. But by that time,  anti-feminist backlash  had begun to take its toll. Some legislators switched from their promised â€Å"yes† votes to voting against ERA. Despite the fervent efforts of equality activists, and even a boycott of unratified states by major U.S. organizations and conventions, no states ratified the ERA during the deadline extension. However, the battle wasnt over yet... Ratification Via Article V vs. Three-State Strategy While ratification of an amendment via Article V is standard, a coalition of strategists and supporters have been working to ratify the ERA using something called a three-state strategy, which would allow the legislation to go the states without the constraints of a time limit—in the tradition of the 19th  Amendment. Proponents argue that if the time limit was in the text of the amendment itself, that restriction would not be subject to alteration by Congress after any state legislature had ratified it. The ERA language ratified by 35 states between 1972 and 1982 did not contain such a time limit, so the ratifications stand. As explained by the ERA website: By transferring time limits from the text of an amendment to the proposing clause, Congress retained for itself the authority to review the time limit and to amend its own previous legislative action regarding it. In 1978, Congress clearly demonstrated its belief that it may alter a time limit in the proposing clause when it passed a bill moving the deadline from March 22, 1979, to June 30, 1982. A challenge to the constitutionality of the extension was dismissed by the Supreme Court as moot after the deadline expired, and no lower-court precedent stands regarding that point. Under the aegis of the three-state strategy, two more states were able to ratify the ERA—Nevada in 2017 and Illinois in 2018—leaving the ERA just one ratification shy of being adopted as part of the Constitution of the United States. Timeline: When States Ratified the ERA 1972: In the first year, 22 states ratified the ERA. (Stares are listed alphabetically, not in sequence of ratification within the year.) AlaskaCaliforniaColoradoDelawareHawaiiIdahoIowaKansasKentuckyMarylandMassachusettsMichiganNebraskaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew YorkPennsylvaniaRhode IslandTennesseeTexasWest VirginiaWisconsin 1973—Eight states, running total: 30 ConnecticutMinnesotaNew MexicoOregonSouth DakotaVermontWashingtonWyoming 1974—Three states, running total: 33 MaineMontanaOhio 1975—North Dakota becomes the 34th state to ratify the ERA. 1976:  No states ratified. 1977:  Indiana becomes the 35th and final state to ratify the ERA prior to the initial deadline. 2017: Nevada becomes the first state to ratify the ERA using the three-state model. 2018: Illinois becomes the 37th state to ratify the ERA. States That Have Not Ratified the ERA AlabamaArizonaArkansasFloridaGeorgiaLouisianaMississippiMissouriNorth CarolinaOklahomaSouth CarolinaUtahVirginia States That Rescinded ERA Ratification Thirty-five states ratified the proposed  Equal Rights Amendment  to the  U.S. Constitution. Five of those states later rescinded their ERA  ratifications  for various reasons, however, at present, the prior ratifications are still being counted in the final total. The five states that rescinded their ERA ratifications were: IdahoKentuckyNebraskaSouth DakotaTennessee There is some question regarding the legitimacy of the five rescissions, for several reasons. Among the legal questions: Were the states legally rescinding only incorrectly worded procedural resolutions but still leaving the amendment ratification intact?Are all ERA questions moot because the deadline has passed?Do states have the power to rescind amendment ratifications?  Article V of the Constitution  deals with the process of amending the Constitution, but it deals only with ratification and does not empower states to rescind ratifications. There is legal precedent invalidating the rescission of other amendment ratifications. Written by Contributing Writer Linda Napikoski, edited by Jone Johnson Lewis

Gerontology Aging And Old Age - 2049 Words

The study of aging and old age is referred to as Gerontology (Stuart- Hamilton, 2011, p. 1). The study of Gerontology is concerned with the changes, which affect older adults (Stuart- Hamilton, 2011, p. 1). The main role of Gerontology is to not only explain the aging process, but to also improve older adults lives and experiences (Stuart- Hamilton, 2011, p. 18). Gerontology is interdisciplinary and there are three main disciplines, which are considered to be the essential foundations of the study (Alkema Alley, 2006, p. 578). The disciplines include biology, sociology and psychology (Alkema Alley, 2006, p. 578). The three disciplines allow aging to be considered from their own specific perspectives (Alkema Alley, 2006, p. 578). The†¦show more content†¦In particular, exploring social barriers older adults face in regards to leisure participation and the psychological benefits they experience, if they can overcome these social barriers. Traditionally the aging process was considered as undesirable where individuals experienced decline physically, socially, emotionally and cognitively (McGuire, Boyd Tedrick, 1996, p. 1). As a result of Gerontology, older age is now considered as a time of happiness, opportunity and growth (McGuire et al., 1996, p. 2). While leisure has many meanings, it can be described as something which can be done in an individuals spare time, is autonomous, unpaid, enjoyable, a form of play and allows for personal growth (Argyle Lu, 1992, p. 5). During old age, leisure plays a vital role in an individual’s life (Veal, Darcy Lynch, 2013, p. 476). Individuals no longer have the pressure of work, or the responsibility of children (Veal, Darcy Lynch, 2013, p. 476). As a result they are able to partake in engaging and stimulating activities, which maintains their quality of life (Veal et al., 2013, p. 476). Although older adults may have more free time, when compared to younger adults it do es not always result in leisure participation. There are many social barriers, which may prevent older adults from partaking in leisure, for the purpose of this essay, ageism, gender and class will be discussed. Sociology is the study of society (Holmes, Hughes Julian, 2012, p.

Carrier Corporation free essay sample

Air-conditioner was invented based on invention of refrigerator. The history was told that the Chinese were the first to store natural ice and snow to cool wine and other delicacies. Evidence has been found that ice cellars were used as early as 1000 B. C. in China. Early Greeks and Romans also used underground pits to store ice. Ancient people of Egypt and India cooled liquids in porous earthen jars. Ice was produced due to vaporization of water through the wall of these jars, radiating heat into the night air. In 18th and 19th centuries, natural ice was cut from lakes and ponds in the winter in northern climates and stored underground for use in warmer months. In early 20th century the same method was used but stored in open ice houses for businesses and to delivered homes to homes. At first, in 1823, Michael Faraday discovered that certain gasses under constant pressure will condense when they cool. We will write a custom essay sample on Carrier Corporation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Secondly, in 1842, Florida physician John Gorrie used dripping ammonia to produce cooling. Thirdly, in 1856, Australian inventor James Harrison, used ammonia on experimental basis but used ether in the equipment that was previously constructed. Then, in 1902, Willis Carrier, the â€Å"Father of Air-Conditioner† designed humidity control for a new air-cooling system and pioneered modern air conditioning. Willis Carrier also originated the carrier equation upon which the psychometric chart and all air conditioning is based. Later, in 1906, Stuart Cramer, engineer in North Carolina, invented a ventilating machine that add water vapor to the air of textile plants. The wetness makes the fiber easily spin and hardly to break. He’s the first to call this process â€Å"air conditioning†. During 1914, air-conditioner was officially used at home for the first time. Next in 1931, individual room air conditioning that sits on a window ledge was invented by J. Q. Sherman and H. H. Schultz The air conditioner was available to purchase in 1932. Packard invented the first ever air-conditioned car in 1939. The air conditioner controller on the dashboard was invented later. After that, the United States built first power plant to handle development electrical load of air conditioner in 1942.